Intelligent Regulation on Demand Response for Electric Vehicle Charging: A Dynamic Game Method

Yuanshuo Zheng,Yuxuan Yang,Xiaolong Yang,Jingtang Luo

doi:10.1109/access.2020.2985578

Yuanshuo Zheng, Yuxuan Yang + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2985578

Copy DOI

Abstract

It has become an urgent problem to be solved that how to make electric vehicle (EV) give full play to shift the power grid peak load through the regulation of demand response (DR). Game theory is often used to provide a new solution for the optimal decision-making among multi-stakeholders. As a dynamic game, differential game can describe the dynamic changes of time-sharing electricity price (TOU price) about power grid and charging power about EV in real time. Considering the problem of “peak on top of peak” caused by a large number of electric vehicles' disordered charging, this paper makes the dispatching strategy of EVs entering the grid based on the TOU price, and establishes a dynamic differential game model for the power grid and EV decision makers. The model is solved by taking the TOU price of power grid and the charging power of EV as the strategy, and smoothing the peak valley difference of power grid and minimizes the charging cost of EV as the goal. In the end, DR for optimizing power grid load and reducing user's low cost is adopted to simulate the proposed model. The simulation results show that the peak-valley difference rate of the optimized power grid is reduced by 6.93%, and the cost of EV users is reduced by 71.52%. The simulation results verify the peak load regulation effect and the economic benefit of the differential game model on the power grid side.

Highlights

In order to cope with climate change and global warming and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the development of sustainable energy has become a hot issue in academia and industry
The above research shows that the Power Grid can support a number of 1 × 106 electric vehicle (EV) charging at night, while the peak
The results show that the existing power grid in the United States can withstand up to 73% of the EV load

Summary

INTRODUCTION

In order to cope with climate change and global warming and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the development of sustainable energy has become a hot issue in academia and industry. It is verified that the peak valley difference of power grid load is significantly reduced and the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) users are satisfied with the lower charging cost and the higher charging state of vehicle batteries. Owners can reasonably change their charging habits, actively participate in the regulation of DR mechanism, and reduce their charging costs by charging in the low period For this reason, considering the benefits for power grid and EV users and the characteristics of maximizing interests of both sides in real time for differential. In the process of the game between the two sides, the power grid aims to adjust the charging habits of EV users by regulating the TOU price, so as to make their own load optimal. By substituting (17) and (18) into (2) and (3), the optimal cost of power grid and EV can be obtained

NUMERICAL SIMULATION

Findings

CONCLUSION