Abstract
The growing co-occurrence of multiple hazardous contaminations causes a notably increased risk to humans due to their synergistic and additive toxicological effects. Current methods rarely achieve on-site intelligent multiple targets detection, requesting a smartphone-based point-of-care test. In this study, an on-site sensitive smartphone-based microarray (SPM) via an indirect competitive immunoassay was developed for simultaneously detecting ochratoxin A (OTA), deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisin B1 (FB1), and zearalenone (ZEN) down to 30 min. The immunoassay signals generated by peroxidase and tetramethylbenzidine were recorded by a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor transistor camera and analyzed via an Android App. Low limits of detection were found to be 6, 14, 66, and 5 pg/mL along with linear ranges of 0.08–4860, 0.09–3240, 0.09–3240, and 0.05–3240 ng/mL for OTA, DON, FB1, and ZEN, respectively. And a simple on-site sample preparation was developed to extract four mycotoxins in one single run. Validation results demonstrated high consistency between this SPM and HPLC-MS/MS method using real samples. This SPM can be extensively applied to environmental monitoring, food safety, and healthcare by altering antibodies and antigens.
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