Intellectual disability content within pre-registration nursing curriculum: How is it taught?

Abstract

BackgroundDespite experiencing higher rates of physical and mental health conditions compared with the general population, people with intellectual disability face inequitable access to healthcare services. Improving education of healthcare professionals is one way to reduce these inequalities. ObjectiveTo determine how intellectual disability content is taught within Australian nursing schools. DesignA two-phase audit of Australian nursing curricula content was conducted using an interview and online survey. SettingNursing schools Australia-wide providing pre-registration courses. ParticipantsFor Phase 1, course coordinators from 31 nursing schools completed an interview on course structure. Teaching staff from 15 schools in which intellectual disability content was identified completed an online survey for Phase 2. MethodsMethods used to teach intellectual disability content and who taught the content were audited using an online survey. ResultsAcross the 15 schools offering intellectual disability content, lectures were the most common teaching method (82% of units), followed by tutorials (59%), workshops (26%), then other methods (e.g. e-learning; 12%). Approximately three-quarters of intellectual disability teaching used some problem-and/or enquiry-based learning. Only one nursing school involved a person with intellectual disability in delivering teaching content. Six (19%) participating schools identified staff who specialise in intellectual disability, and seven (23%) identified staff with a declared interest in the area. ConclusionWhile some nursing schools are using diverse methods to teach intellectual disability content, many are not; as a result, nursing students may miss out on acquiring the attributes which enable them to address the significant health inequalities faced by this group. A specific deficit was identified relating to inclusive teaching and clinical contact with people with intellectual disability.