Abstract
The implementation of NUSSP (Neighborhood Upgrading Shelter Sector Project) program policy is a residential upgrading and settlement sector project in the context of urban slum settlement management for the empowerment of the poor communities based on tridaya in Makassar City which was implemented since 2005-2009 (phase I). This study used a qualitative approach by using case study at five urban villages of NUSSP’s program locations as the key areas, namely: Buloa, Cambaya, Lette, Rappocini, and Balang Beru sub-districts within Makassar. The data collection used in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), direct and participatory observation supported by document study, case history, and triangulation. The results of this study indicated that the integrative model achievement of NUSSP’s program policy implementation in handling of urban slum settlement by using the tridaya’s empowerment approach as an effort to empower the poor society, in the form of output and outcome of policy implementation that had provided benefits for the government and the poor communities from the empowerment development aspect, such as the physical environment, economic empowerment, and social empowerment. Although from the economic aspect and social empowerment were not relatively optimal conducted by government and private parties, neither were not yet relatively optimal conducted by NUSSP executing actors in the utilization of local cultural values and religious values to support the successful implementation of NUSSP program policies in the field. The findings of this study were in the form of the development of “Tridaya” empowerment concept into “Pancadaya” (environmental, social, economic, cultural and religious development). This finding revealed that the importance of the use of cultural and religious values transformed in the poor community empowerment concept, so it was assumed that they will give a significant contribution in supporting the integrative model of NUSSP’s program policy implementation in the handling of slums in order to empower the poor communities in urban slum areas.
Highlights
The handling of urban slum settlements is a global development issue, which has been responded by the leaders of developing countries at a Millenniumhigh-level conference-the United Nations in 2000, which has agreed on the global development goals set forth in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and one of its targets to improve the life quality of 100 million people in slums in 2020 (Menteri Pekerjaan Umum, 2008), obtaining funding support from international funding such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB)
The benefits value that is most affected directly by the village government as the target location of Neighborhood Upgrading Shelter Sector Project” (NUSSP) program is the creation of slum neighborhoods that had the infrastructure paths and roads along with the drainage environment, so the environment becomes neat, clean, and beautiful, after the infrastructure development conducted through NUSSP activities in the administrative villages program target
In implementing the NUSSP program policy in the poor community empowerment in Makassar city, by applying the “tridaya” empowerment approach, it has not focused on the empowerment aspect which utilizes optimally the religious and cultural values based on local wisdom that grew in the poor communities (i.e., Bugis-Makassar) in the slum settlement areas
Summary
The handling of urban slum settlements is a global development issue, which has been responded by the leaders of developing countries at a Millenniumhigh-level conference-the United Nations in 2000, which has agreed on the global development goals set forth in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and one of its targets to improve the life quality of 100 million people in slums in 2020 (Menteri Pekerjaan Umum, 2008), obtaining funding support from international funding such as the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Government of Indonesia has committed to implement a model of urban slum settlement policy program that receives ADB loan assistance through a residential and settlement improvement project as known as the “Upgrading Shelter Sector Project” hereinafter abbreviated as “NUSSP”. This NUSSP program’s policy in its implementation is designed with the vision of the realization of competent local governments and communities and is able to create a healthy, viable and productive, self-sustainable living and residential environment. The implementation principles that must be applied and agreed consistently by the actors in the NUSSP’s implementation include: (1) Locations based on the Local Spatial Plan; (2) NUSSP serves only the poor society who live in the legal slum settlement; (3) Build without displacing; (4) Developing local potentials, i.e., developing the potential of existing resources in the community; (5) Encouraging awareness of the living environment; (6) Develop participation and integrity, involving all related actors independently, balanced and harmonious as well as establishing alignment with various parties
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