Integrative Characterization of Toxic Response of Zebra Fish (Danio rerio) to Deltamethrin Based on AChE Activity and Behavior Strength.

Qing Ren,Tae-Soo Chon,Zongming Ren,Shangge Li,Shiguo Xu,Hongwei Pan,Meiyi Yang,Li Qi,Tingting Zhang

doi:10.1155/2016/7309184

Abstract

In order to characterize the toxic response of zebra fish (Danio rerio) to Deltamethrin (DM), behavior strength (BS) and muscle AChE activity of zebra fish were investigated. The results showed that the average values of both BS and AChE activity showed a similarly decreased tendency as DM concentration increased, which confirmed the dose-effect relationship, and high and low levels of AChE and BS partly matched low and high levels of exposure concentrations in self-organizing map. These indicated that AChE and BS had slight different aspects of toxicity although overall trend was similar. Behavior activity suggested a possibility of reviving circadian rhythm in test organisms after exposure to the chemical in lower concentration (0.1 TU). This type of rhythm disappeared in higher concentrations (1.0 TU and 2.0 TU). Time series trend analysis of BS and AChE showed an evident time delayed effect of AChE, and a 2 h AChE inhibition delay with higher correlation coefficients (r) in different treatments was observed. It was confirmed that muscle AChE inhibition of zebra fish is a factor for swimming behavior change, though there was a 2 h delay, and other factors should be investigated to illustrate the detailed behavior response mechanism.

Highlights

Among contamination in substrate environment, water contamination with pesticides has significantly increased resulting from industrial and agricultural activities
The mean values for both behavior strength (BS) and AChE activity during 48 h exposure showed a similar tendency to decrease as DM concentration increased, which confirmed the dose-effect relationship
Slight difference could be observed in the two measurements according to concentration: statistically significant differences were observed with TUs, the toxic effect in control and 0.1 TU groups was not substantially different for AChE activity compared with BS (Figure 2)

Summary

Introduction

Among contamination in substrate environment, water contamination with pesticides has significantly increased resulting from industrial and agricultural activities. Pyrethroids are highly toxic to nontarget organisms such as honeybees, fish, and aquatic arthropods even at very low concentrations [3]. Deltamethrin (DM) is one of the most widely used pyrethroids and a common source of contamination in aquatic ecosystems [4]. It may impair biological communities, subsequently induce an unbalanced aquatic ecosystem, and eventually cause unpredictable toxicity to humans and other biological organisms [5]. DM could inhibit the synaptic membrane ATPase, delay Na+ channel closing time, and increase the number of opening Na+ channels [8]. The toxicity was especially severe in fish [9]

Methods

Results

Conclusion