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Abstract
This study aimed to quantify the Haller vessel and choriocapillaris (CC) parameters in drusen subtypes in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachydrusen. Ninety-five eyes of 80 patients and 28 control eyes were categorized into soft drusen, subretinal drusenoid deposit (SDD), soft drusen plus SDD, pachydrusen, and control groups. The diameter, length and intersections of Haller vessels and the total area, size and number of CC flow voids were quantified using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) or OCT angiography. The pachydrusen group showed the largest Haller vessel area and diameter and shortest total length but similar CC parameters to those in the control group. The soft drusen plus SDD group showed the largest CC flow void area and size, while the Haller parameters were similar to those in the control group. The area and size of the flow voids in the SDD group were smaller than those in the soft drusen plus SDD group. Based on unsupervised machine learning, the eyes were classified into 4 clusters—the control, pachydrusen, soft drusen plus SDD and soft drusen plus SDD groups. Cluster 3 showed a larger diameter and shorter total length of the Haller vessels than cluster 4.
Highlights
This study aimed to quantify the Haller vessel and choriocapillaris (CC) parameters in drusen subtypes in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachydrusen
In the CC layer, flow voids observed on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) are increased in nonexudative AMD patients compared with healthy controls[6,12]
The CC flow void area is associated with the progression of geographic atrophy (GA) and neovascular AMD13–19
Summary
This study aimed to quantify the Haller vessel and choriocapillaris (CC) parameters in drusen subtypes in nonexudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and pachydrusen. The diameter, length and intersections of Haller vessels and the total area, size and number of CC flow voids were quantified using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) or OCT angiography. The soft drusen plus SDD group showed the largest CC flow void area and size, while the Haller parameters were similar to those in the control group. SDDs demonstrate a lower mean CT/CVI than eyes with no AMD or early AMD with soft d rusen[5] In this cohort followed for 24 months, SDD showed a lower ratio of luminal and total choroidal area compared to soft drusen and control eyes at both baseline and month 248. We quantified various en face morphological parameters of the Haller and CC layers in the following subgroups: the control, soft drusen-only, SDD-only, soft drusen plus SDD, and pachydrusen groups. We applied an unsupervised machine learning (ML) algorithm based on these quantified parameters to obtain data-driven clusters
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