Integration of Transcriptome and Proteome in Lymph Nodes Reveal the Different Immune Responses to PRRSV Between PRRSV-Resistant Tongcheng Pigs and PRRSV-Susceptible Large White Pigs.

Wan Liang,Xiang Zhou,Bang Liu,Yueran Zhen,Yu Zhang,Qingde Zhang,Xueying Hu,Xiangge Meng

doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.800178

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease that seriously affects the swine industry worldwide. Understanding the interaction between the host immune response and PRRS virus (PRRSV) can provide insight into the PRRSV pathogenesis, as well as potential clues to control PRRSV infection. Here, we examined the transcriptome and proteome differences of lymph nodes between PRRSV-resistant Tongcheng (TC) pigs and PRRSV-susceptible Large White (LW) pigs in response to PRRSV infection. 2245 and 1839 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in TC and LW pigs upon PRRSV infection, respectively. Transcriptome analysis revealed genetic differences in antigen presentation and metabolism between TC pigs and LW pigs, which may lead to different immune responses to PRRSV infection. Furthermore, 678 and 1000 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in TC and LW pigs, and DEPs were mainly enriched in the metabolism pathways. Integrated analysis of transcriptome and proteome datasets revealed antigen recognition capacity, immune activation, cell cycles, and cell metabolism are important for PRRSV clearance. In conclusion, this study provides important resources on transcriptomic and proteomic levels in lymph nodes for further revealing the interaction between the host immune response and PRRSV, which would give us new insight into molecular mechanisms related to genetic complexity against PRRSV.

Highlights

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a noticeable infectious and epidemic disease, with symptoms of reproductive failure in sows, respiratory disorders in pigs of all ages, and high mortality in young piglets (Ko et al, 2015)
A total of twelve 5-week-old piglets (3 TC pigs and 3 Large White (LW) pigs infected with highly pathogenic PRRSV WuH3 strain as PRRSV infected group, 3 TC pigs and 3 LW pigs injected with RPMI1640 as control group) from our previous artificial challenge experiment were used in this study (Liang et al, 2016; Liang et al, 2017)
We identified 2245 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TC pigs upon PRRSV infection (TC-Infection vs TC-Control), of which 1115 were upregulated and 1130 were down-regulated (Figure 1B; Supplementary Table S1)

Summary

Introduction

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), is a noticeable infectious and epidemic disease, with symptoms of reproductive failure in sows, respiratory disorders in pigs of all ages, and high mortality in young piglets (Ko et al, 2015). The severity of clinical symptoms in PRRSV-infected pigs significantly correlated with the intensity of cell-mediated immune responses (Lowe et al, 2005). The cell-mediated immune response against PRRSV is always delayed and defective due to reducing developing and circling T lymphocyte (T cell) populations in pigs during PRRSV infection (Dwivedi et al, 2012). PRRSV can replicate in lymphoid organs and cause lymph nodes lesions, which affect the host’s cell-mediated immune response to PRRSV (Lamontagne et al, 2003). The activation of cell-mediated immune response could restrict PRRSV replication and reduce clinical diseases

Methods

Results

Conclusion