Abstract
Rapid improvements in bioseparation technology, new regulatory directives, product quality constraints, and the production efficiency have necessitated the development of more advanced and powerful downstream bioprocesses for biotechnology and biopharmaceuticals industrial. This has transformed in dramatically improvements in traditional bioseparation processes as well as the development of entirely new approaches. In this paper, we highlight some of these recent advances of integration of semi-batch cultivation and extraction for maximal lipid production in Chlamydomonas sp. Tai-03. This includes extractive cultivation, extractive bioconversion aqueous two-phase system, aqueous two-phase flotation, and newly developed liquid biphasic flotation. Alcohol/salt liquid biphasic flotation (LBF) with aid of ultrasonication which have the ability of killing two birds with one stone, it not only capable in cell rupturing, it also able to recover bioproducts simultaneously and continuously. The effect of varying crude feedstock concentration, flotation time, type of salt, concentration of salt, type of alcohol, concentration of alcohol, initial volumes of salt and alcohol were investigated. Microalgal biofuels or generation three biofuels have been widely recognized as potential replacements of fossil fuels. One of the most attractive option is the partial or full replacement of diesel fuel with microalgal biodiesel. Here, Chlamydomonas sp. Tai-03 was cultured using semi-batch cultivation to enhance its lipid production. Upon lowering the culture replacement fraction to 25%, the greatest biomass and lipid productivities were obtained at 1.23 ± 0.02 g/L/d and 239.6 ± 24.8 mg/L/d. After transesterification, palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), and linoleic acid (C18:2) were the main fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) present. These short-chain FAMEs and high productivities of Chlamydomonas sp. Tai-03 are suitable for biodiesel output.
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