Abstract
The growing interest in the use of energy storage systems to improve the performance of tramways has prompted the development of control techniques and optimal storage devices, displacement, and sizing to obtain the maximum profit and reduce the total installation cost. Recently, the rapid diffusion of renewable energy generation from photovoltaic panels has also created a large interest in coupling renewable energy and storage units. This study analyzed the integration of a photovoltaic power plant, supercapacitor energy storage system, and railway power system. Random optimization was used to verify the feasibility of this integration in a real tramway electric system operating in the city of Naples, and the benefits and total cost of this integration were evaluated.
Highlights
The substantial increase in the use of electrified collective transport systems, which has occurred in recent years in large urban centers, has made it necessary to increase the vehicle frequency rate and capacity of convoys in terms of transportable passengers
The optimization procedure is applied to the considered railway track, and the mechanical
The profiles are typical of light railway power and speed profiles, with be noted, the profiles are typical of light railway power and speed profiles, with numerous accelerations numerous accelerations and stops; this shows that the current absorption presents numerous and stops; this shows that the current absorption presents numerous peaks, which can influence peaks, which can influence the behavior of the power electronic converter installed in the power the behavior of the power electronic converter installed in the power system
Summary
The substantial increase in the use of electrified collective transport systems, which has occurred in recent years in large urban centers, has made it necessary to increase the vehicle frequency rate and capacity of convoys in terms of transportable passengers. They can be used to reduce the energy demand of the whole system and to stabilize the supply network voltage at weak points (e.g., the voltage drops typically associated with end of lines) with the potential elimination of additional feeding substations [6] This solution can greatly contribute to the peak shaving action of traction power during the acceleration of vehicles, as the storage unit is capable of recovering energy from several braking vehicles at the same time with any limitation in terms of weight and required space for installation. The storage units are installed on-board and, are used for the shaving of power peaks demanded during the acceleration of vehicles, which leads to reduced energy costs, limitation of voltage drops, and minimum resistive losses in the supply line and improves efficiency by recovering mechanical energy during braking [7,8].
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