Integration of magnetic, gravity, and well-logging data interpretation to delineate the structural framework and formation evaluation of Bahariya Formation, North Diyur area, northern Western Desert, Egypt

Abstract

The Bahariya Formation in Egypt's Western Desert is a major source for minerals and hydrocarbon accumulation. It is also characterized by a relatively high radiation content because it contains iron oxide deposits that attract radioactive elements. The main objectives of our study are to establish depth to basement, basement configuration and related structural elements, and thickness and configuration of the overlain sedimentary section. In addition to the analysis of well-logging data, many advanced techniques have been applied to analyze magnetic and gravity data, including depth estimation, 2D magnetic and gravity modeling, and 3D inversion of potential field data. By integrating all available data, we can determine the structural control of the study area and evaluate the subsurface parameters. Well logging has been used for interpretation of porous and permeable zones, water saturation calculation, and basic lithology identification. The depth to basement in our study ranges from −1700 to −4500 m. The basement is shallow in the northern parts of the study area and deeper in the southern parts. The main clay minerals of the formation are montmorillonite, chlorite, and a mixed clay layer. The Bahariya Formation is composed mainly of sandy clay and sandstone, and therefore it is considered an excellent reservoir.