Integration of Information and Communication Technology in Secondary Education for Better Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

In this digital era, teachers are expected to integrate information and communication technology (ICT) tools to enhance traditional teaching methods with modern technology. Therefore, this systematic review addressed research questions regarding the challenges, the role of stakeholders, and strategies that enable effective integration of ICT tools in secondary education. It analysed 54 scholarly and peer-reviewed publications between 2008 and 2023 sampled from electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Eric). The main findings indicated that effective integration of ICT tools should address professional development, improve knowledge and skills, and resolve systemic challenges. Results highlight the significant role of policymakers in nurturing an innovative, collaborative, and supportive school environment. They additionally indicated that school leaders should ensure the availability, accessibility, reliability, compatibility, and security of ICT tools. Similarly, teachers should assist students in changing attitudes, beliefs, and practices towards ICT tools by supporting and facilitating practical and meaningful skills development opportunities. On the other hand, students should embrace a supportive, collaborative, and innovative school environment. Hence, recommendations include exploring the long-term effects of ICT integration on educational outcomes with the proliferation of AI and its impact on educational outcomes, sustainability, and adaptability in secondary schools.