Integration of Industry 5.0 requirements in digital twin-supported manufacturing process selection: a framework

Abstract

Process selection has been an integral part of manufacturing design and operation, with a close link to manufacturing process modeling. Throughout the years, it has been enriched with many criteria, such as energy efficiency, emissions, resources, and sustainability in general, increasing its complexity in terms of modeling and optimization. Herein, process selection is coupled with (a) the capabilities of the digital twins, (b) the criteria introduced by Industry 5.0 (I5.0) in terms of sustainability and human inclusion, and (c) the opportunities offered by key enabling technologies. A framework is presented capable to implement automated process selection and potentially scheduling through a specific set of integrated technologies, utilizing the concept of the microfactory as a basis in terms of implementation. A case study for the evaluation of two parts, using Additive Manufacturing and laser welding, in different scenarios is presented. It was concluded that the inclusion of the I5.0 criteria not only increases the well-being of the workers but also the energy and time efficiency of the production line, increasing the profit margin.