Abstract
As the population continues to grow so do cities that are key locations responsible for pollution and resource consumption. This has led to sustainability challenges such as climate change and resource scarcity. One method of tackling these sustainability challenges is through the use of symbiosis systems, be it Industrial Symbiosis (IS), Urban Symbiosis (US), or Urban-Industrial Symbiosis (UIS), to create symbiotic relationships between groups/ organisations to reuse as many resources as possible. These symbiosis systems are also utilized because it can also bring many economic, environmental, and social benefits to the involved organisations. This is why so many governments, private organisations, etc. are encouraging the development and adoption of the symbiosis systems. This situation has led many academics to study it and there is currently a large body of literature that is rapidly growing. However, it mostly focuses on IS and material symbiosis and lacks knowledge on UIS because the latter has only recently become popular and the possibilities of energy symbiosis. This research aims to enrich the understanding of UIS systems and further explore the possibilities of energy symbiosis. This will be done via a conceptual model that will help to consolidate the information both from the industry and literature.
Highlights
The world is currently struggling with sustainability challenges such as climate change and resource consumption, amongst many others
A few practices have emerged to tackle these issues, of which includes the especially promising symbiosis systems such as Industrial Symbiosis (IS), Urban Symbiosis (US), and Urban-Industrial Symbiosis (UIS) [2]. This is because symbiosis systems require and involves many different organisations collaborating to synthesis resource symbiosis while giving numerous benefits
Many organisations and governments have adopted symbiosis systems because of these advantages; it has led to many successful & unsuccessful cases and the discovery of underperformances [4]. When these are considered in tandem with academic literature it can be seen as a lack of information or gaps in topics such as energy symbiosis and UIS systems
Summary
The world is currently struggling with sustainability challenges such as climate change and resource consumption, amongst many others. A few practices have emerged to tackle these issues, of which includes the especially promising symbiosis systems such as Industrial Symbiosis (IS), Urban Symbiosis (US), and Urban-Industrial Symbiosis (UIS) [2] This is because symbiosis systems require and involves many different organisations collaborating to synthesis resource symbiosis while giving numerous benefits. As such this paper will attempt to integrate IS and US while tackling the underperformances and gaps This will be done through reviewing the different symbiosis systems, including IS, US, and the very limited number of UIS within industry and the literatures that contain information about symbiosis systems as well. Manuscript received 15 October, 2021; revised 19 November, 2021; accepted 5 January, 2022; published 19 January, 2022 V. will provide details of the further research that will be undertaken
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