Integration of hybrid PV-wind system for electric vehicle charging: Towards a sustainable future

Abstract

This research addresses the pressing need for sustainable energy solutions in the context of Electric Vehicle (EV) charging. It focuses on the integration of Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources (HRES) such as Photovoltaic (PV) and wind systems, coupled with grid connectivity to ensure uninterrupted power supply. The study's primary objective is to design an efficient HRES framework that optimally harnesses solar and wind energy for EV battery charging while maintaining grid compatibility. The research introduces a novel approach by incorporating a High Gain Zeta-SEPIC (HGZS) converter to enhance power output of PV system. A key innovation lies in the development of a Type 2 Fuzzy Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) controller that ensures precise tracking of maximum power point (MPP), thus optimizing the operation of HGZS converter and maximizing the energy extraction from PV system. Additionally, a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind system, controlled by Proportional Integral (PI) controller is implemented, for maintaining controlled voltage levels, ensuring system stability, and enhancing overall performance under diverse operating conditions. Furthermore, the research focuses on grid interaction, allowing surplus energy generated by HRES to be efficiently supplied to grid, making it available for consumption during peak demand periods. A PI controller is implemented on the grid side to ensure effective voltage control and synchronization with the grid. The proposed HRES architecture is rigorously validated through extensive MATLAB simulations. The results demonstrate exceptional efficiency, with proposed converter achieving an efficiency rating of 99.6 % and significantly enhanced voltage gain.