Abstract
Abstract. Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a highly advanced spatial modeling method that is fully incorporated in the building lifecycle. With the support of Information Technologies, the use of BIM has become common in building management such as energy efficiency, indoor navigation and emergency evacuation simulations. This study focuses on emergency evacuation simulations since, integrating BIM and Spatial Information Science, could mitigate casualties in emergencies. Traditional evacuation management methods are generally inadequate since they are based on 2D evacuation plans, they are static and do not consider the characteristics/interactions of the people in the building. This study aims to integrate BIM and Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) for emergency evacuation simulations, where characteristics of the building and the users are incorporated. Istanbul Technical University Faculty of Civil Engineering was selected as study area and the BIM model was created by using the CAD drawings of the floor plans. The users of the Faculty building such as students, academicians, administrative staff and visitors are considered for simulations. The BIM model was transferred to the ABM environment, and the routes used during the fire evacuation were generated. Fire evacuation simulations were performed, where agents having different characteristics evacuate the building according to the rules predefined. Three different scenarios were tested. Major conclusion of this study is that, via integrating BIM and ABM, it is possible to model people’s behavior within a three-dimensional digital environment, where decision-makers could be performing simulations such as fire evacuation supported by dynamic, realistic and accurate information.
Highlights
A high percentage of emergency casualties are directly related to the facility's delayed evacuation service (Wang et al, 2017)
Traditional evacuation management methods are generally inadequate since they are based on 2D evacuation plans and do not consider the characteristics/interactions of the people in the building
After the algorithms were generated in the Building Information Modelling (BIM) model, the evacuation simulation was deployed
Summary
A high percentage of emergency casualties are directly related to the facility's delayed evacuation service (Wang et al, 2017). In crowded public areas such as schools, hospitals, and shopping malls, loss of life and properties can be severe if inadequate and improper emergency evacuation planning is undertaken. Traditional evacuation management methods are generally inadequate since they are based on 2D evacuation plans and do not consider the characteristics/interactions of the people in the building. Considering the behavior of people during a moment that causes panic, the losses become significantly damaging. To better manage the situation, digital simulation environments that demonstrate and testify building evacuation plans should be generated for enhancing the decision-making process in evacuation scenarios (Tang and Ren, 2011)
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