Abstract
The improvements and implementation of new generation equipment to the conventional grids are increasing along with the increase of the number of renewable energy power plants and smart grid components. The existing grid infrastructure is required to be modified and upgraded as a result of the increasing integration of the renewables and new generation consumers where the availability of the existing networks has to be analyzed for integration as well. In order to keep the grid stable and integrate the renewables to the grid optimally, necessary analyses have to be realized including the investigation of the optimal integration criteria. During the integration phase of the new generation consumers and producers, two ways power flows and variable power production of renewables have to be considered for system design. In this study, analysis for optimal sizing and integration studies are performed for electric vehicle parking lot and solar power plants located on the campus distribution network considering optimal sizing criteria and the aim of stabilization of voltage regulation during day time operation of solar power plant and random charging profile of electric vehicles. The proposed network is equipped with adaptive protection system to ensure stability and the reliability of the distribution network in the concept of smart grid.
Highlights
The usage of electric vehicles (EVs) and the solar power plants (SPPs) are being widely increased as a result of improvements in the technology and environmental concerns where the new generation elements of the integrated components come up with the requirements for distribution networks and protection systems
The proposed challenges for integration of new generation systems cover the titles of stabilization of distribution networks during two way power flow and variable power generation of SPPs
EV consumption profile is calculated considering the EVs are at minimum state of energy (SoE) when the cars arrive to the parking lot and the cars are being charged till its full capacity to simulate worst case loading scenario
Summary
The usage of electric vehicles (EVs) and the solar power plants (SPPs) are being widely increased as a result of improvements in the technology and environmental concerns where the new generation elements of the integrated components come up with the requirements for distribution networks and protection systems. A coordinated power management and control algorithm is presented in [35] to provide necessary control system for the DG networks In this context, in this study the model of Yildiz Technical University (YTU) Davutpasa Campus network is designed and simulated in Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) environment to obtain normal operation conditions of the distribution network. The campus network model is equipped with EV charging stations and roof mounted SPPs in accordance with physical and electrical limitations considering optimal sizing criteria. The proposed study aims to realize elimination of drawbacks of EVs and SPPs integrated grid in the concept of restoration of voltage stability and reduction of relay operation duration which is effected by variable generation and consumption characteristics of the network. The remainder of the study is organized as follows: System methodology and simulation results are indicated in Sect. 2 where the study results and main contributions are indicated in Sect. 3 along with the conclusions in the Sect. 4 of the paper
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