Abstract
A methodology for optimal volume computation for the environmental management of waste stockpiles was derived by integrating the terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technologies. Among the UAV-based point clouds generated under various flight scenarios, the most accurate point cloud was selected for analysis. The root mean square errors (RMSEs) of the TLS- and UAV-based methods were 0.202 and 0.032 m, respectively, and the volume computation yielded 41,226 and 41,526 m3, respectively. Both techniques showed high accuracy but also exhibited drawbacks in terms of their spatial features and efficiency. The TLS and UAV methods required 800 and 340 min, respectively, demonstrating the high efficiency of the UAV method. The RMSE and volume obtained using the TLS/UAV fusion model were calculated as 0.030 m and 41,232 m3, respectively. The UAV approach generally yielded high point cloud accuracy and volume computation efficiency.
Highlights
The construction process of large-scale civil engineering development projects, such as quarry development projects, creates numerous soil-cutting and soil-banking slopes
The individual scan data were registered into a single point cloud, yielding reasonably high accuracy (RMSE = 0.202 m)
unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based point clouds were generated for eight scenarios (A–H), with four flight altitudes and two sets of 10 ground control points (GCPs) as variables (Table 1)
Summary
The construction process of large-scale civil engineering development projects, such as quarry development projects, creates numerous soil-cutting and soil-banking slopes. The environmental impact assessments for quarry development projects suggest that environmental pollution prevention measures, such as the installation of dustproof covers to reduce the occurrence of scattered dust due to the long-term stacking of waste stockpiles and the installation of waterproof covers to reduce soil leaks during the rainy season, should be implemented in the project sites. The impact of these projects on the environment should be minimized by continuous monitoring and rapid treatment of stacked waste stockpiles. Developers should be able to periodically maintain the treatment conditions of waste stockpiles by accurately and quickly computing its volume
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