Abstract
Drawing upon the Higher Education Leadership Academy Model, a prior proposition was made that Al-Qalb is one of the relevant dimensions in the institutional leadership competencies in higher education institutions. The objective of this study is to examine the content validity of Al-Qalb as one of the dimensions to be incorporated in the institutional leadership competencies framework and measure an analysis of previous literatures related to leadership competencies in the higher education institutions context was carried out to identify and examine relevant attributes in explaining and understanding the construct. The results provide adequate evidence of content validity of Al-Qalb as one of the leadership competencies items based on content validity index (CVI) analysis. This suggests the usability and content validity of the items of Al-Qalb, as one of the leadership competencies elements in the Malaysian higher education institutions.
Highlights
The proliferation of fictitious profits in the lead-up to the financial crisis, since the onset of the financial crisis of 2007-2018 and the resulting Great Recession, radical political economists have debated the role of profitability in what has been the most severe systemic crisis of global capitalism since the 1930s (Smith and Butovsky, 2012)
The research findings are in line with the agency theory, audit committee financial expertise is found to have a significant positive influence on profitability
COE and foreign ownership have a positive influence on profitability
Summary
The proliferation of fictitious profits in the lead-up to the financial crisis, since the onset of the financial crisis of 2007-2018 and the resulting Great Recession, radical political economists have debated the role of profitability in what has been the most severe systemic crisis of global capitalism since the 1930s (Smith and Butovsky, 2012). If companies do not worry about agency conflicts, they might face the problem of profitability or insolvency at large These agency conflicts predominantly occur in modern companies as a result of the separation concerning ownership and management (Berle and Means, 1932); (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). The incentive alignment theory advocates that more equity ownership by the manager may increase corporate performance because it means better alignment of the monetary incentives between the management and other equity owners (Jensen and Meckling, 1976). This paper examines the interactive role of audit committee financial expertise on the relation concerning ownership structure and profitability for Nigerian listed financial institutions
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