Integrating TEMPO and Its Analogues with Visible-Light Photocatalysis.

Abstract

Visible light has risen to become a very important facilitator for selective radical reactions enabled by well-cognized photocatalysts. The renaissance of visible-light photocatalysis on this matter partly relies on integrating it with other fields of catalysis. In parallel, 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin N-oxide (TEMPO), a quintessential persistent radical, has a wide range of uses owing to its exceptional redox behavior, which gives rise to its latest prominence in catalysis. Therefore, integrating the catalysis of TEMPO with photocatalysis to perform visible-light-induced selective reactions becomes a very convenient marriage of merits. In this context, the integration of different types of photocatalysts, including metal complexes, metal-free organic dyes, and semiconductors, with TEMPO for outstanding organic transformations will be summarized. To expand further the catalytic repertoire, the integration of TEMPOH analogues such as NHPI (N-hydroxyphthalimide) and NHS (N-hydroxysuccinimide) with photocatalysis will also be discussed. Hopefully, these advances will pave the way for more breakthroughs by integrating TEMPO and its analogues with photocatalysis to lead to a valuable blueprint for visible-light-induced selective organic transformations.