Abstract
Translational research aims to provide direct support for advancing novel treatment approaches in oncology towards improving patient outcomes. Preclinical studies have a central role in this process and the ability to accurately model biological and physical aspects of the clinical scenario in radiation oncology is critical to translational success. The use of small animal irradiators with disease relevant mouse models and advanced in vivo imaging approaches offers unique possibilities to interrogate the radiotherapy response of tumors and normal tissues with high potential to translate to improvements in clinical outcomes. The present review highlights the current technology and applications of small animal irradiators, and explores how these can be combined with molecular and functional imaging in advanced preclinical radiotherapy research.
Highlights
Since the introduction of the linear accelerator into the practice of radiation oncology during the 1950s, the discipline has undergone major technology changes that have significantly advanced all stages of the radiotherapy process from treatment planning to delivery and verification
We review the technology of small animal irradiators and preclinical imaging techniques to identify key opportunities for translational research that may impact the future success rate of radiotherapy clinical trials
18 F-HX4 (18 F)-FDG-positron-emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has become established as an important tool in radiation oncology to determine primary tumor characteristics, lymph node invasion and metastases
Summary
Since the introduction of the linear accelerator into the practice of radiation oncology during the 1950s, the discipline has undergone major technology changes that have significantly advanced all stages of the radiotherapy process from treatment planning to delivery and verification These innovations have resulted in an unparalleled ability to delineate target volumes, conform radiation dose and irradiate under image guidance [1], which have translated to better tumor control and reduced toxicity in many cancer types. These reports clearly highlight the need for robust preclinical supporting data in translationally relevant disease models to justify radiotherapy clinical trials In this context, it is essential that preclinical models in radiobiology research accurately reflect modern clinical practice, in terms of both biological model and physical radiation exposure conditions [8]. We review the technology of small animal irradiators and preclinical imaging techniques to identify key opportunities for translational research that may impact the future success rate of radiotherapy clinical trials
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