Integrating research and fishing extension approaches to engage small-scale fishers in the participatory evaluation and voluntary use of bycatch reduction devices

Abstract

The main strategy for reducing discards in shrimp trawl fisheries has been the development and use of bycatch reduction devices (BRDs). Research has focused on the performance of BRD in biological and technological terms, undermining the importance of the human dimensions, such as fishers’ perceptions. On the other hand, a better comprehension of which methodological approach enables fishers volunteer adoption of BRDs is required. This paper analyzed the performance of BRD through a combination of interaction activities and conventional scientific experiments. Four interaction activities were conducted with shrimp trawlers from 12 fishing sites at the coast of Paraná, South Brazil. Adapted from previous research and after fishers’ suggestion in the interaction activities, a Nordmore grid was tested against a control net to evaluate differences in shrimp (Xiphopenaeus kroyeri) and bycatch weight, and total length of X. Kroyeri. Interaction activities stressed the importance of dialogue and participation and showed that fishers perceived a high diversity of parameters, expanding the understanding of BRD performance. Also, the methodological approach provided room for collective learning and fishers’ engagement, with reports of voluntary initiatives to reduce bycatch. The results showed that the dialog is improved with diversification and integration of communication methods, as well as timing is crucial for fishers to process information and to build knowledge. An analysis of the methodological approach used in this paper provide insights on how to increase voluntary BRD adoption as well as to engage fishers more consistently in being stewards for the responsible fishing.