Integrating cutting-edge technologies: AI, IoT, blockchain and nanotechnology for enhanced diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer - A review

Abstract

Currently adopted methods that are used for diagnosis and treatment are not effective in the successful management of CRC. Nanotechnology has explored a new beginning to the development of nanoscale materials that are having distinct properties which aid in the effective diagnosis and treatment of cancers including CRC. These nanostructural systems serve primarily as nanocarriers for the bioactive chemotherapeutic drugs, which are delivered to the target tumor location without harming healthy or normal cells. Another adaptable strategy based on nanotechnology principles is useful for early cancer detection. These two promising approaches play a significant role in notable CRC management or control. Researchers, notably those in the medical field, are particularly interested in breakthroughs in nanotechnology combined with artificial intelligence (AI), a subfield of computer science, to support target delivery and extremely early-stage cancer diagnosis. The present study emphasizes the use of AI and nanotechnology principles for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. The use of AI in the medical literature is tremendous, deep learning techniques allow AI to extract characteristics from enormous amounts of healthcare data with the use of complex algorithms, and then to apply the results to assist clinical practice. The primary kind of AI that analyzes structured data like imaging, genomic, and EP is machine learning (ML). Machine learning algorithms try to group the characteristics of people or predict the likelihood of medical consequences. The speed and accuracy of the sequenced procedures used to collect omics data are improved by nanobiotechnology. In order to more accurately predict the prognosis for cancer, patient survival time, and disease progression, AI paired with nanotechnology can analyze and assess crucial information based on historical data. The therapeutic efficacy of various nanoformulation or nanodevices as nanocarriers in cancer treatment can be improved via AI principles.