Abstract
Current urban water research involves intelligent sensing, systems integration, proactive users and data-driven management through advanced analytics. The convergence of building information modeling with the smart water field provides an opportunity to transcend existing operational barriers. Such research would pave the way for demand-side management, active consumers, and demand-optimized networks, through interoperability and a system of systems approach. This paper presents a semantic knowledge management service and domain ontology which support a novel cloud-edge solution, by unifying domestic socio-technical water systems with clean and waste networks at an urban scale, to deliver value-added services for consumers and network operators. The web service integrates state of the art sensing, data analytics and middleware components. We propose an ontology for the domain which describes smart homes, smart metering, telemetry, and geographic information systems, alongside social concepts. This integrates previously isolated systems as well as supply and demand-side interventions, to improve system performance. A use case of demand-optimized management is introduced, and smart home application interoperability is demonstrated, before the performance of the semantic web service is presented and compared to alternatives. Our findings suggest that semantic web technologies and IoT can merge to bring together large data models with dynamic data streams, to support powerful applications in the operational phase of built environment systems.
Highlights
Building information modeling (BIM) is increasingly being researched in operational buildings, alongside technologies such as energy simulation and building automation [5,32]
A new research field is emerging from the union of BIM, smart appliances, intelligent sensing, and cybernetics
The results presented show that the ontology and its software deployment are sufficient as a conceptualization of the water domain for use within a near real-time decision support system
Summary
Building information modeling (BIM) is increasingly being researched in operational buildings, alongside technologies such as energy simulation and building automation [5,32]. A new research field is emerging from the union of BIM, smart appliances, intelligent sensing, and cybernetics This complex ‘system of cyber-physical systems’ faces similar interoperability challenges to those being faced by smart grids and smart cities, where the value derived from ICT penetration is tied to the ability to share knowledge. Semantic models, such as ontologies, promote interoperability as shared data formats and domain knowledge models, and play a prominent role in the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) ‘semantic web stack’ [39] They play a role in the IoT and linked data fields, where they assist data contextualization, resource discovery, consistency and scalability [1].
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