Integrating Acupuncture with Western Medicine in Cancer Treatment

Abstract

Cancer and its many conventional treatments (e.g. chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery, and hormonal therapies) can result in substantial symptom burden and diminished quality of life among cancer patients as well as threaten the long term physical and psychological wellbeing of growing numbers of cancer survivors. Acupuncture, an ancient therapy of traditional Chinese medicine, is increasingly being integrated into conventional cancer treatment and survivorship care. We first described the need for the integration of acupuncture into cancer care by reviewing the burden that cancer places on both society and on individuals. Secondly, we review the use of complementary and alternative medicine by individuals with cancer, highlighting the value for potential integration of acupuncture into conventional care. Thirdly, we summarize the current evidence of acupuncture’s effectiveness for specific conditions experienced by cancer patients. Fourthly, we discuss the decision making process employed by patients regarding integration of acupuncture into cancer care. Finally, we provide some insight about how research can inform evidence development and generation. In summary, while research is limited, because of the large unmet needs experienced by cancer patients and limitations of conventional cancer care, acupuncture demonstrates potential as a therapy that can be safely integrated into conventional cancer care to improve symptom management and quality of life for cancer patients.