Abstract
The effect of integrated use of manure and fertilizers on crop yield, nutrient uptake and soil fertility was studied in the Boro-fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern over two years. The experiment was set up at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm, Mymensingh under the AEZ 9 (Old Brahmaputra Floodplain). The field trial consisted of eight treatments and control (no fertilizer or manure), 100% chemical fertilizers (CF), and IPNS based six treatments with six types of manure. Cowdung (CD), CD slurry, Trichocompost (TC) and vermicompost (VC) were added to soil at 5 t ha-1 and poultry manure (PM) and PM slurry applied at 3 t ha-1. For all IPNS treatments, nutrient supply from manure was adjusted with that from chemical fertilizers. In each crop cycle, manure was applied to the first crop (Boro rice) and the residual effect was evaluated on the succeeding crop (T.Aman rice). The IPNS based treatments significantly increased the grain and straw yields of Boro rice and it had also positive residual effect on T.Aman rice. Trichocompost and vermicompost, among the six IPNS treatments, demonstrated higher crop yield and that was followed by poultry manure slurry and cowdung slurry. Integrated use of manure with fertilizers gave on an average 8.3-33.8% and 2.9-18.3% higher grain yield in Boro and T. Aman rice, respectively over sole fertilizers treatment. Higher nutrient uptake by crops (N, P, K & S) was also observed in IPNS treated plots. The IPNS treatments improved soil fertility in terms of increasing organic matter, N, P and S contents of soil after two crop cycles. The study suggests that manure and fertilizers should be used in an integrated manner to achieve sustainable crop yield, without incurring loss to soil fertility.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 147-161 (2017)
Highlights
In Bangladesh, with advancement of time, nutrient mining increases due to increasing cropping intensity (191%, BBS 2017), use of modern varieties, nutrient leaching, gaseous loss, soil erosion and imbalanced application of fertilizers with no or little addition of organic manure
Treatments T3-T8 received a definite amount of nutrients from different types of manure and the rest amount of nutrients came from chemical fertilizers so that the rate of every nutrient application was the same over the fertilizer and manure + fertilizer treatments
Significant variation was recorded for the plant height of Boro rice (BRRI dhan29) due to application of different manure and chemical fertilizers (Table 1)
Summary
In Bangladesh, with advancement of time, nutrient mining increases due to increasing cropping intensity (191%, BBS 2017), use of modern varieties, nutrient leaching, gaseous loss, soil erosion and imbalanced application of fertilizers with no or little addition of organic manure. Higher is the crop yield, higher is the nutrient removal from soil. Nutrient deficiency in this country’s soils has arisen chronologically N, P, K, S, Zn and B (Islam, 2008; Jahiruddin and Satter, 2010). Use of OM could be an inevitable practice in the coming years for ensuring sustainable crop productivity without affecting soil fertility (Heikamp et al, 2011; Premsekhar and Rajashree, 2009)
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