Integrated use of chemicals in smooth brome and alfalfa sowings

Abstract

The article summarizes the results of research conducted in the long-term field trial on black leached soil in 2016-2018. The study dealt with the effect of macro - and microfertilizers applied separately and jointly on the background of soil liming (0.5 and 1.0 h.a.) on the yield of smooth brome and alfalfa changeable in the Republic of Mordovia. Microfertilizers were presented by liquid fertilizer Forsazh (micro). Analysis of perennial grasses productivity showed that in variants without the use of chemicals legume crops (5.52 t/ha) had an advantage over the smooth brome (2.99 t/ha or 54.2%) in dry matter yield. The use of chemicals in alfalfa sowings raised the yield per area unit by 0.86-2.24 t/ha, in cereal grasses – by 0.56-4.83 t/ha. There was observed a positive role of Forsazh (micro) use, which was demonstrated by 0.10 t/ha increase in alfalfa (LSD05 0.05 t/ha), and 0.07 t/ha increase in smooth brome (LSD05 0.07 t/ha) as compared with the background without use of microelements (6.89 and 5.60 t/ha, respectively). The economic analysis showed the highest profitability when cultivating alfalfa in variants with application of complete fertilizer with a dose of nitrogen 50 kg active ingredient/hectare (a.i./ha), smooth brome in variants with application of complete fertilizer with a dose of nitrogen 80 kg a.i./ha (113% and 107%; 88% and 85% without the use of Forsazh and using it, respectively). Recommended doses of mineral fertilizers for perennial grasses should be applied using treatment of crops with liquid mineral fertilizer.