Abstract
To investigate about an integrated sensory motor system existence in premature newborns, submitted to gustatory stimulation. Analytical and experimental study of contents, double-blind. Being participants 90 premature newborns, divided into two groups (water or sucrose analysis 12%). Recorded by 15 minutes (first and last moments, without stimulation; and second time with gustatory stimulation). Three independent judges analyzed the behaviors in the right hand and left hand in the mouth and suction in the left and right and hand during the various behavioral states, those being inserted in the database of Statistical Package for Social Science, being then considered that the events observed by at least two of them. It was made use of Spearman' s rank correlation test on a significance level by p<0.05. Considering the groups both separately and together, right and left had initially moderate correlation, being right hand in the mouth remained strong at the end and left hand in the mouth finished on moderate and strong correlation, according to each behavioral state. Right hand suction in its total and sucrose showed a strong correlation initially in drowsy state, becoming moderate at the end. In alertness state there was initially a weak correlation in both stimuli ending in moderate correlation in sucrose and strong in water. Left hand suction presented initially moderate correlation on the alert state, ending in weak correlation in sucrose stimuli, which did not occur in the water that started and finished strong. The oral stimulation influenced the hand-mouth coordination, showing early motor sensory integration. However, there was no discrimination about the gustatory capacity on the newborns.
Highlights
Every year, twenty million premature and underweight children are born worldwide, a fact that can indicate a higher possibility of compromised neurobehavioral development in this population(1).According to the World Health Organization (WHO)(2), a newborn (NB) is considered premature when the gestational age (GA) does not reach 37 weeks
We will present the results of specific behaviors (HMR, HML, HSR, and HSL) in each behavioral state, observed in the groups water and sucrose, separately as well as in their totality when significant correlations were observed
In the behavioral states light sleep (2), alert (4), and agitated/irritated (5), an increase was verified in the correlation of the HMR behavior from moderate at BL1 to strong at BL2 in the sucrose group
Summary
Twenty million premature and underweight children are born worldwide, a fact that can indicate a higher possibility of compromised neurobehavioral development in this population(1). According to the World Health Organization (WHO)(2), a newborn (NB) is considered premature when the gestational age (GA) does not reach 37 weeks. The degree of prematurity is considered borderline when the GA is between 35 and 37 weeks; moderate, between 31 and 34 weeks; and extreme, below 30 weeks(3). The technological advances in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU), including state-of-the-art equipment, humanized formation of interdisciplinary teams, and inclusion of the family in caring for NBs have granted premature babies a higher chance of survival, instigating the interest of researchers willing to investigate their neuropsychomotor development(5-7). The aims are to detect alterations in the sensory-motor-oral system, in relation to the functions of suction, swallowing, and breathing(8), and to promote assistance with feeding in this population
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