Integrated resource planning for a meshed distribution network under uncertainty

Abstract

Planning of renewable energy based distributed generators (DG) is to be done with utmost care because of the uncertain nature of their outputs. In this paper, a multi-objective PSO based solution methodology for the DG planning problem is proposed taking into account the concerns of the grid operators, distribution network operators and the end consumers. Load shifting along with time of use pricing is the strategy adopted for performing demand side management, thereby reducing the discomfort level and the electricity bill of the customers. DG planning is done for solar and wind based sources along with demand side management in order to minimize the system real power loss, improve voltage profile, increase reliability and reduce the expenses of the distribution network operator. Reliability is evaluated using encoded Markov cut set algorithm considering the failure rates, adequacy transition rates, mechanical failures, and starting and switching probability of the DG. The test network considered is the 102 node meshed distribution network connected to Bus 4 of the Roy Billinton test system. Results prove that load shifting along with dynamic pricing can be used as a viable option to reduce the operational expenses of the network operator.