Integrated production logging tools approach for convenient experimental individual layer permeability measurements in a multi-layered fractured reservoir

Afshin Davarpanah,Mahmoud Hemmati,Behnam Mirshekari,Taraneh Jafari Behbahani

doi:10.1007/s13202-017-0422-3

Abstract

Appropriate estimation of permeability is considered as one of the significant concerns of petroleum industries. Due to the growing demand for hydrocarbon fossil fuels in numerous industries, Petroleum Engineers always try to provide holistic and sustainable solutions to measure this parameter more accurately and to calculate the proper original oil in place (OOIP) and initial reserve. Hence, this accuracy estimation helps engineers whether the production and exploration operations are profitable or not and it might virtually eliminate the unnecessary expenditures. The term production logging tools (henceforth; PLT) involve a wide variety of measurement tools and many sensors. It, too, carries interpretation tools which evaluate the formation properties, in respect of the way PLTs would analyze the formation fluid movements inside and outside of the wellbore and subsequently estimate the production flow rate for each layer. On the other hand, it gives production and completion engineers the chance to investigate the appropriate efficiency of production and perforation processes to organize the remediation methodologies or preplan proper designing for modifying completion procedures which have based on the production logging tools interpretation. The purpose of this comprehensive research is to compare two different techniques (PLT and core analysis) of permeability measurement in a six-layered fractured reservoir and subsequently normalize each parameter to obtain the proper estimation. As a result, according to the evaluation of each technique, the amount of permeability in the layers 1, 2, 3, and 5 is relatively close to each other. Furthermore, regarding higher expenses of core analysis tests and the reliability of PLTs according to the results of this paper in the four out of six individual layers, Emeraude software by utilizing PLT interpretation could be a substitution and preferable methodology instead of core analysis measurements.

Highlights

Permeability is the constant proportionality parameter in Darcy’s law, which relates discharge and fluid physical properties to a pressure gradient which applied to the porous media (Adeboye et al 2012; 1 3 Vol.:(0123456789)
Regarding the micro- or nanopores of these reservoirs, such parameters entailed fluid properties and pressure gradient which they exert a profound impact on the fluid mobilization in the cracks and subsequently lead to increase in the permeability
Huang et al (2013) proposed low-velocity non-Darcy flow schematically to show the considerable influence of pressure gradient and low velocity and its impact on the fluid flow

Summary

Introduction

Permeability is the constant proportionality parameter in Darcy’s law, which relates discharge (flow rate) and fluid physical properties (e.g., viscosity) to a pressure gradient which applied to the porous media (Adeboye et al 2012;1 3 Vol.:(0123456789)Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology (2018) 8:743–751Haro 2004; Rafik and Kamel 2017). Some researchers believe that the phenomenon of low-velocity non-Darcy flow is the principal cause of fluid movement in the small pores, there are no comprehensive and systematic investigations to elaborate this issue appropriately. It needs to be more specific and accurate (Kaitna et al 2016; Muljadi et al 2016; Wang and Sheng 2017). If the pressure gradient rises dramatically, the flow rate has a steep rise It approximately seems a linear relationship as same as Darcy’s law (Huang et al 2016; Huang et al 2013; Xiong et al 2017). The proper amount of threshold pressure gradient is showed by PTPG. Prada and Civan (1999)

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Conclusion