Abstract
The contradiction between transport capacity and passenger demand in urban rail transit is usually prominent during peak hours in some megacities of China, and some passenger flow control measures have been adopted to alleviate passenger congestion. To better save passengers’ travel time when taking passenger flow control measures, this paper proposes an integrated optimization method of bus route adjustment with network-level passenger flow control for urban rail transit, in which the controlled passengers can freely choose to shift to bus or to retain in urban rail transit for pursuing a lower travel cost. With the objectives of minimizing average additional travel time for all affected passengers and maximizing the operating revenue of urban rail transit, an integer non-linear programming model is formulated to determine the inbound passenger volumes and bus adjustment schemes. To solve this proposed model effectively, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization based on dual-population co-evolution is designed. Finally, three sets of numerical experiments, including an integrated optimization experiment and two independent optimization experiments of passenger flow control, are implemented to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of the proposed method.
Highlights
Urban rail transit is a rapid, efficient, punctual and green transportation mode, and plays a significant role in alleviating the traffic pressure
As for shifted passengers, they originally expect to travel by urban rail transit, Passenger flow control (PFC) measures are taken in their origin stations, and they must wait for a long time before entering the platforms
We find that the average additional travel time of affected original bus passengers is from 0.20 to 2.02 minutes, which indicates that bus route adjustment (BRA) only results in a slight increase in the travel time for original bus passengers
Summary
Urban rail transit is a rapid, efficient, punctual and green transportation mode, and plays a significant role in alleviating the traffic pressure. Xu et al [20] formulated a bi-level programming model to address the PFC problem in a metro network, and tried to simultaneously control the inbound and transfer passengers at transfer stations. The combination of bus route adjustment (BRA) with PFC of urban rail cannot only effectively reduce the accumulation of passengers and ensure the safe operation of rail stations, and enhance the travel efficiency of controlled passengers. Network-level PFC is adopted to alleviate the operational pressure in a crowded urban rail network, while BRA, as a supplementary measure, is to minimize the negative effect of PFC. (2) An integrated optimizing model of BRA with PFC for urban rail transit is formulated to minimize the average additional travel time of all affected passengers based on the effective utilization of train capacity.
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