Abstract
A novel method to generate and manipulate vector vortex beams in an integrated, ring resonator based geometry is proposed. We show numerically that a ring resonator, with an appropriate grating, addressed by a vertically displaced access waveguide emits a complex optical field. The emitted beam possesses a specific polarization topology, and consequently a transverse intensity profile and orbital angular momentum. We propose a combination of several concentric ring resonators, addressed with different bus guides, to generate arbitrary orbital angular momentum qudit states, which could potentially be used for classical and quantum communications. Finally, we demonstrate numerically that this device works as an orbital angular momentum sorter with an average cross-talk of -10dB between different orbital angular momentum channels.
Highlights
It is well known that a light beam carries a linear momentum, which can be transferred to an absorbing or reflecting medium [1]
The Poynting vector associated with a plane wave is purely longitudinal and has no transverse components, the linear momentum is parallel to the propagation direction
Stationary azimuthal linear momentum leads to a quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM) of lhper photon in the propagation direction, where l and hare an integer and the reduced Planck constant respectively [4, 5]
Summary
It is well known that a light beam carries a linear momentum, which can be transferred to an absorbing or reflecting medium [1]. All generated optical beams are solutions of the paraxial wave equation, leading to a non-vanishing component of the linear momentum in the transverse plane [2] Such a paraxial beam might possess a net orbital angular momentum (OAM) in the propagation direction as a consequence of having a finite transverse linear momentum [1,3]. The previously suggested approaches to generate and manipulate the optical OAM include computer-generated holograms screened on a spatial light modulator (SLM), astigmatic mode converters, spiral phase plates and spin-to-orbit conversion in inhomogeneous birefringent plates (q-plates) [4, 21,22,23]. We show numerically that adjusting both the phase and the amplitude of the bus waveguides input can be used to encode a qudit state
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