Abstract
After a short introduction on approaches using either structural or functional indicators, we develop a methodological framework for the analysis and management of landscapes, using landscape ecological principles related to a holistic approach. In anextstep,wedisaggregate someoftheinternal processes inlandscapesinordertodelineategroups ofindicators initsspatiotemporal context. In a case study, conducted in an area in Central Italy, the use of some landscape ecological indicators is presented. It is an example of how a set of indicators can be applied to a part of the landscape, which is considered as a whole or integratedunit,accordingtotheprinciplesoflandscapeecology.Onthebasisoffourlandscapemetricsoutofeight,calculatedin a Geographical Information System (GIS), we present potential areas for greenways in our study area of 16,000 ha in a scale of 1:25,000.Theresultsaredirected tolandscapeplanningandmanagementandare,therefore,ofparticular interestnotonlyfroma scientific point of view, but also regarding land use planning by local administrators. Due to limitations in achieving more indicators, especially for the interrelation between ecology and socio-economy, the study group expresses the clear need for further refinement of this excellent analytical and management instrument with a special focus on integrated indicators. # 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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