Abstract
The integrated analysis using different seismic wave types in a record is a very efficient approach for a comprehensive characterization of marine sediments, especially in shallow water conditions. The proposed integrated method to analyze seismic data in post-critical conditions consists of: 1) the inversion of Scholte waves to obtain a reliable Vs distribution of the near seafloor; 2) pre-processing of seismic data; 3) construction of the P-wave velocity field by using all available information, including available well data; and 4) the application of the wave equation datuming and post-processing, such as pre-stack time migration. We demonstrate how this approach could be successfully applied on seismic datasets characterized by post-critical conditions and the occurrence of the Scholte waves, which may be exploited to provide fundamental information instead of being only an unwanted effect. The integrated analysis of seismic events can thus help, together with data processing, by providing better seismic imaging, which is a priority for a reliable seismostratigraphic interpretation.
Highlights
Over past several decades, seismic methods have been widely adopted for the characterization of the shallow marine environment for different purposes, e.g., geological and geohazard assessments, infrastructures site characterization, monitoring of gas storage sites, and archeology
The analyzed seismic line was acquired with the main objective of characterizing the whole sedimentary succession, but, due to the shallow water depth and the presence of coherent noise, the upper portion has not been well resolved in the past
We demonstrated that the integrated use of the different wave types identified on the shot gathers can help to better characterize the subsurface and extract more information
Summary
Seismic methods have been widely adopted for the characterization of the shallow marine environment for different purposes, e.g., geological and geohazard assessments, infrastructures site characterization, monitoring of gas storage sites, and archeology. The integration of different seismic wave types recorded on a shot gather is a very useful approach for a comprehensive study of the characteristics of marine sediments at different depths, especially in shallow water environments These interface waves can help to extract information about the near-surface layers (approximately the first 150 m), while P-waves are indispensable for resolving deeper structures. To obtain a reliable nearsurface velocity model, we analyzed the Scholte waves and choose an empirical relation to get the P-wave (Vp) velocities obtained from the S-wave (Vs) velocities, estimated from Scholte waves inversion, and those obtained from the well logs in the study area This integrated use of Scholte waves, P-waves and available well data has allowed us to improve the resulting resolution and to better image the shallower parts (about 1.5 s) of a selected seismic line acquired in ca.
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