Abstract
Demand response (DR) is important to account for behaviors of the demand side to yield an optimal dispatch result. However, it is difficult for energy suppliers to collect customers’ private information unless there is an incentive mechanism for customers to do so. Therefore, this paper proposes a new integrated generation–consumption dispatch based on compensation mechanism considering DR behavior. Firstly, in light of the day-ahead load forecast data, we deduce the utility function model of different customers. By subtracting generating units’ operation cost from consumers’ total utility, the dispatch model have a decentralized demand participant structure based on this utility function. The utility function is used to describe consumers’ preferences and energy consumption behaviors. Secondly, an effective compensation mechanism is designed to ensure customers to select the level of compensation appropriate to their willingness to curtail load. Finally, a new dispatch model is proposed that incorporates the DR compensation mechanism into the generation–consumption dispatch model. The new model can improve the interaction of generation and consumption, and benefit both the energy supplier and its customers. The proposed model is piecewise linearized and solved by a mixed-integer linear programming method. It is tested on a six-bus system and the IEEE 118-bus system. Simulation results show that the proposed model can realize both maximum social welfare and Pareto optimal results.
Highlights
With the high penetration of renewable generation and the increasing demand, the uncertainties in power systems are gradually increasing [1]
In [24], the author analyzes the impact of pricebased demand response (DR) on market clearing and locational marginal prices (LMPs) in a power system using network-constrained unit commitment (NCUC)
These studies are all based on the following assumptions: 1) demand is treated as a fixed value at each time; 2) customers’ benefit functions are constant or linear functions of price, and their preferences are expressed solely in the form of constraints; 3) the integrated generation–consumption dispatch problem is converted from a social welfare maximization problem to an equivalent generation cost minimization problem
Summary
With the high penetration of renewable generation and the increasing demand, the uncertainties in power systems are gradually increasing [1]. In [24], the author analyzes the impact of pricebased DR on market clearing and locational marginal prices (LMPs) in a power system using network-constrained unit commitment (NCUC) These studies are all based on the following assumptions: 1) demand is treated as a fixed value at each time (inelastic demand); 2) customers’ benefit functions are constant or linear functions of price, and their preferences are expressed solely in the form of constraints; 3) the integrated generation–consumption dispatch problem is converted from a social welfare maximization problem to an equivalent generation cost minimization problem. The novel contribution of this paper, based on the electricity market in China [25], is an integrated generation–consumption dispatch model considering DR behavior based on mechanism design principles. Appendix B presents some details about the mathematical formulation of compensation mechanism
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