Abstract
The flood forecasting and warning system enable an advanced warning of flash floods and inundation depths for disseminating alarms in urban areas. Therefore, in this study, we developed an integrated flood forecasting and warning system combined inland-river that systematized technology to quantify flood risk and flood forecasting in urban areas. LSTM was used to predict the stream depth in the short-term inundation prediction. Moreover, rainfall prediction by radar data, a rainfall-runoff model combined inland-river by coupled SWMM and HEC-RAS, automatic simplification module of drainage networks, automatic calibration module of SWMM parameter by Dynamically Dimensioned Search (DDS) algorithm, and 2-dimension inundation database were used in very short-term inundation prediction to warn and convey the flood-related data and information to communities. The proposed system presented better forecasting results compared to the Seoul integrated disaster prevention system. It can provide an accurate water level for 30 min to 90 min lead times in the short-term inundation prediction module. And the very short-term inundation prediction module can provide water level across a stream for 10 min to 60 min lead times using forecasting rainfall by radar as well as inundation risk areas. In conclusion, the proposed modules were expected to be useful to support inundation forecasting and warning systems.
Highlights
Urban flooding is one of the most severe hazards in most cities worldwide
Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was used to predict the stream depth in the short-term inundation prediction and very short-term rainfall prediction by radar data, construction of a rainfall–runoff model combined inland-river by coupled Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) and Hydrologic Engineering Center—River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), automatic simplification module of drainage networks, automatic calibration module of SWMM
Parameter by Dimensioned Search (DDS), construction of the 2-dimension inundation database by various rainfall scenario to warn inundation risk areas were used in very short-term inundation prediction to warn and convey the flood-related data and information to communities
Summary
Urban flooding is one of the most severe hazards in most cities worldwide. Small-scale urban streams with very small watersheds and a flood travel time of 1 h to 3 h can cause severe damage to property and human life during heavy rainfall and floods. Rainstorms and floods have caused severe property damage and heavy casualties and hampered commercial activities, adversely affecting urban life [1,2]. It is necessary to mitigate flood damage through accurate and proactive urban forecasting of floods caused by small-scale urban streams. For the mitigation of flood disasters and damage in urban areas, it is necessary to estimate the damage that can be caused by rainfall runoff and reduce flood damage through structured and unstructured measures.
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