Integrated effect of Glomus mosseae and selected plant oils on the control of bacterial wilt disease of tomato

Abstract

This study investigated the efficacy of Glomus mosseae and thyme and peppermint oils in controlling bacterial wilt disease (BW) of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum under in vitro conditions and under greenhouse and field conditions. In an in vitro study, we tested nine plant oils against R. solanacearum, and the results demonstrate that only caraway, thyme, peppermint and marjoram oils inhibited the growth of the BW pathogen with differing degrees, thyme oil caused the highest reduction of the growth of the pathogen followed by peppermint and the lowest was caraway and marjoram. We evaluated the effect of thyme and peppermint under greenhouse and field conditions. Under greenhouse conditions, the thyme treatment exhibited the highest disease reduction percentage followed by the thyme + peppermint treatment, while G. mosseae caused the least disease reduction percentage. Under field experiments, thyme oil treatment exhibited the highest ability to reduce the disease by 94.8 and 97.1% in the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons, respectively, followed by the treatment of thyme oil + peppermint oil with the reduction of 89.5 and 82.4%, respectively. G. mosseae exhibited the lowest percentage of disease reduction; however, it caused a greater yield increase percentage during both of the tested seasons.