Integrated Design Approach to Small Sewage Systems in the Arctic Climate

Abstract

Construction and operation problems of small sewage systems in Arctic climate are discussed. An integrated approach to the solution of emerging issues such as frozen soils, uneven sewage inflow, high wastewater concentration, frozen rivers in cold winter and others, is offered. Standard laboratory and analytical methods to determine the wastewater quality indicators and the design characteristics of wastewater storage tanks in small settlements, called shift camps, are used. Physical methods of municipal wastewater treatment are considered. Survey results of the shift camp’s sewage systems in the northern climatic zone of Russia, Tyumen Region, are presented. The uniformity of wastewater inflow is analyzed and a balancing reservoir design procedure with the use of an integrated graph is presented using the example of a typical camp’s sewage treatment plant. Research results on wastewater and sludge treatment by Super high frequency microwave electromagnetic radiation (SHF) are presented. A technological scheme with the use of SHF technologies in water purification and sludge treatment is proposed. The design procedure of accumulator-regulators during the process of treated wastewater release into frozen rivers is considered. The implementation of recommended measures at existing and newly designed stations will ensure their effective operation in arctic conditions.