Abstract
Plant immune receptors involved in disease resistance and crop protection are related to the animal Nod-like receptor (NLR) class, and recognise the virulence effectors of plant pathogens, whereby they arm the plant’s defensive response. Although plant NLRs mainly contain three protein domains, about 10 % of these receptors identified by extensive cross-plant species data base searches have now been shown to include novel and highly variable integrated domains, some of which have been shown to detect pathogen effectors by direct interaction. Sarris et al. have identified a large number of integrated domains that can be used to detect effector targets in host plant proteomes and identify unknown pathogen effectors.Please see related Research article: Comparative analysis of plant immune receptor architectures uncovers host proteins likely targeted by pathogens, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12915-016-0228-7Since the time of writing, a closely related paper has been released: Kroj T, Chanclud E, Michel-Romiti C, Grand X, Morel J-B. Integration of decoy domains derived from protein targets of pathogen effectors into plant immune receptors is widespread. New Phytol. 2016 (ahead of print)
Highlights
Plant immune receptors involved in disease resistance and crop protection are related to the animal Nod-like receptor (NLR) class, and recognise the virulence effectors of plant pathogens, whereby they arm the plant’s defensive response
Integration of decoy domains derived from protein targets of pathogen effectors into plant immune receptors is widespread
Three domains were identified as the pillars of plant NLR protein architecture, an Nterminal signalling domain of one of two types, a central nucleotide binding “molecular switch domain” and a Cterminal leucine-rich repeat domain of ill-defined function that, in some NLRs, imparts specificity to the NLR–effector interaction
Summary
Plant immune receptors involved in disease resistance and crop protection are related to the animal Nod-like receptor (NLR) class, and recognise the virulence effectors of plant pathogens, whereby they arm the plant’s defensive response. Integration of decoy domains derived from protein targets of pathogen effectors into plant immune receptors is widespread. Additional “non-canonical” domains have been identified in a limited number of functional plant NLRs [1, 2] and their crucial roles in effector detection have just been elucidated through experimentation [2, 3].
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