Abstract
Encountering a problem or error in the final stages of providing products or services increases costs and delays scheduling. The key task is to ensure quality and reliability in the early stages of the production process and prevent errors from occurring from the beginning. Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is one of the tools for identifying potential problems and their impact on products and services. The conventional FMEA technique has been criticized extensively due to its disadvantages. In this study, the concepts of uncertainty and reliability are considered simultaneously. The processes of weighting risk factors, prioritizing failures by using the stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA)–gray relational analysis (GRA) integrated method based on Ζ-number theory and complete prioritization of failures are implemented. Crucial management indices, such as cost and time, are considered in addition to severity, occurrence and detection factors along with assigning symmetric form of the weights to them. This, in turn, increases the interpretability of results and reduces the decision-maker’s subjectivity in risk prioritization. The developed model is implemented on solar panel data with 19 failure modes determined by the FMEA team. Results show that the proposed approach provides a more complete and realistic prioritization of failures than conventional FMEA and fuzzy GRA methods do.
Highlights
Several factors, such as competition, customer expectations and changes and technological developments, encourage producers to increase their commitment to fixing product defects and eliminating performance deficiencies
This paper presents a new score to improve the deficiencies of conventional Risk priority number (RPN)
Z-number theory is used to failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) and the factor values for each failure are determined by the team
Summary
Several factors, such as competition, customer expectations and changes and technological developments, encourage producers to increase their commitment to fixing product defects and eliminating performance deficiencies. Companies use different procedures to deliver unflawed products to the market. They use risk evaluation techniques to identify potential risks and determine their causes and effects. Various methods for risk assessment have been developed in recent years [5]. One of these methods is failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). This method was first used to systematically analyze failure modes and their subsequent effects on military products, especially in the aviation industry [6]. Large sums of money will be spent on solving
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