Abstract
The Chilia branch is the north branch of the Danube River at the Romania-Ukraine border in the Danube Delta; it is a complex system with economic and ecological values. The surface water quality is a major concern and monitoring programs have been developed at the national and international level. The objective of this study was to evaluate the water quality of the Chilia branch in different sampling points from the mouth to the discharge in the Black Sea. The assessment of water quality was done at the individual level taking into account the nutrient concentrations and the standard limits for good ecological status and at integrative levels, using CCME WQI. The longitudinal distribution of Chilia branch water quality was done using GIS method. A total of 106 water samples were collected between 2013 and 2019 from five sampling points. At the individual level, the Chilia branch has a good ecological status except for its levels of total nitrogen, due to the organic nitrogen contribution in 2015. In 90% of nutrient concentrations, low values predominate and high values are considered extreme; only in 10% do high values predominate and low values are considered extreme concentrations. In equal percentages, 50% of the nutrient concentrations have a high degree of heterogeneity and the other 50% of concentration values are very close to the average values, with a high degree of homogeneity. CCME WQI method indicated that 39.93% of surface waters from the Chilia branch had an excellent quality, 45.45% a good quality, and only 14.62% a fair quality.
Highlights
IntroductionDue to rapid changes in water quality in river ecosystems worldwide, caused by the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the catchment basin, it is of the utmost importance to implement appropriate programs and strategies for the efficient assessment of water quality, to support qualitative and quantitative decisions regarding environmental management and restoration of water resources and public health protection [1,2,3,4,5].Depending on their chemical forms, nutrients, expressed in phosphorus (total and dissolved forms) and nitrogen (inorganic and total forms), are key water quality parameters for surface waters, entering the water body from point (municipal, industrial, and agricultural facilities) and diffuse (erosion and surface runoff, groundwater inflow, and atmospheric deposition) sources throughout the catchment area, with direct or indirectAppl
Due to rapid changes in water quality in river ecosystems worldwide, caused by the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the catchment basin, it is of the utmost importance to implement appropriate programs and strategies for the efficient assessment of water quality, to support qualitative and quantitative decisions regarding environmental management and restoration of water resources and public health protection [1,2,3,4,5].Depending on their chemical forms, nutrients, expressed in phosphorus and nitrogen, are key water quality parameters for surface waters, entering the water body from point and diffuse sources throughout the catchment area, with direct or indirectAppl
Ammonium nitrogen is present in the surface water of the Chilia branch at very low eter and by keeping the scale of the graduated cell values enabled in having a consisten concentrations, which do not exceed the limit value corresponding to good ecological data representation which can(Periprava be compared throughout the years
Summary
Due to rapid changes in water quality in river ecosystems worldwide, caused by the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the catchment basin, it is of the utmost importance to implement appropriate programs and strategies for the efficient assessment of water quality, to support qualitative and quantitative decisions regarding environmental management and restoration of water resources and public health protection [1,2,3,4,5].Depending on their chemical forms, nutrients, expressed in phosphorus (total and dissolved forms) and nitrogen (inorganic and total forms), are key water quality parameters for surface waters, entering the water body from point (municipal, industrial, and agricultural facilities) and diffuse (erosion and surface runoff, groundwater inflow, and atmospheric deposition) sources throughout the catchment area, with direct or indirectAppl. Due to rapid changes in water quality in river ecosystems worldwide, caused by the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors on the catchment basin, it is of the utmost importance to implement appropriate programs and strategies for the efficient assessment of water quality, to support qualitative and quantitative decisions regarding environmental management and restoration of water resources and public health protection [1,2,3,4,5] Depending on their chemical forms, nutrients, expressed in phosphorus (total and dissolved forms) and nitrogen (inorganic and total forms), are key water quality parameters for surface waters, entering the water body from point (municipal, industrial, and agricultural facilities) and diffuse (erosion and surface runoff, groundwater inflow, and atmospheric deposition) sources throughout the catchment area, with direct or indirect. Europe from west to east, flowing through or forming a part of the borders ing through Europe from west to east, flowing through or forming a part of the borders of ten ten countries–Germany, countries–Germany, Austria, Austria, Slovak
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