Abstract
The authors have created a geoinformation-analytical system (GIS) for integrated assessment and mapping of the ecological conditions of the territory according to the criteria of anthropogenic impact and quality of the urban environment, as well as the response of woody plants and the health of the child population (on the example of Voronezh – the largest industrial city of the Central Chernozem region). It has been identified that anthropogenic pollution is formed by the industrial-transport sector and varies with regard to the features of the functional planning infrastructure; near the industrial facilities of the petrochemical profile in the left-Bank sector of the city, conditions for the existence of woody plants significantly worsen, which is manifested in the inhibition of their development; child morbidity rate is significantly higher in industrially polluted neighborhoods with high load of pollutant emissions from industry and transport. The diseases primarily associated with pollution are congenital anomalies, neoplasms, endocrine pathology and diseases of the urogenital area. The industrial zone is the main contributor to the total pollution of air, but the transport zone is the main contributor to the total pollution of soil and snow cover.
Highlights
Modern large cities are the centers of the most acute ecological problems
We have developed an automated geoinformation-analytical system (GIS) system for ensuring environmental monitoring in the Voronezh territory (“ECOGIS Voronezh”), including the storage subsystem of the environmentalgeochemical and health-geographical data, as well as program-algorithmic support of ecological risk assessment
The conducted research allows us to formulate several basic conclusions: 1) industrial pollution is formed by industrialtransport sector and functional planning of the city infrastructure; 2) quality criteria for soil and atmosphere give a stronger response to industrial and traffic impacts; snow is a geochemical indicator with a significantly smaller effect; 3) near industrial petrochemical enterprises in the leftBank sector of the city, conditions for the existence of woody plants are significantly worse
Summary
Modern large cities are the centers of the most acute ecological problems. The monitoring and mapping of the ecological status of the urban environment are important tools of spatial planning and environmental safety and contribute significantly to solution of the contemporary urbanization problems.At the turn of XX–XXI centuries, increasing density of urban development in large industrialized cities and the increase of air and soil pollution contributed to the decline of the quality of the urban environment. Modern large cities are the centers of the most acute ecological problems. The monitoring and mapping of the ecological status of the urban environment are important tools of spatial planning and environmental safety and contribute significantly to solution of the contemporary urbanization problems. At the turn of XX–XXI centuries, increasing density of urban development in large industrialized cities and the increase of air and soil pollution contributed to the decline of the quality of the urban environment. This is manifested in a certain environmental response – the inhibition of development of woody plants. Research in the field urban ecology and environmental geochemistry of urban landscapes in combination with the concept of environmental risk supports the relevance
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