Abstract
As a result of anthropogenic destruction of natural biogeocenoses, a decrease in biodiversity occurs, leading to instability and degradation of both individual elements and the biosphere as a whole. In coal-mining regions, there are two equivalent environmental problems: land degradation as a result of mining and an increase in production and consumption waste. The unfavorable ecological situation affects the state of the ecosystem of the regions as a whole, which negatively affects the health of the population. In this regard, the development of predictive models of the state of disturbed lands - their reclamation and return to the national economic turnover - are relevant. The purpose of this work is to develop principles of rational nature management during land reclamation in the Kemerovo region, disturbed as a result of opencast mining of mineral deposits. The principles of rational use have been developed, their implementation will contribute to the improvement of the ecological situation. The mechanisms of implementation include: an integrated approach to solving the problems of land reclamation and disposal of solid household waste in a coal-mining region; forecasting and regulation of the introduction of alien objects; introduction of environmentally friendly technologies to minimize emissions of xenobiotics into the biosphere and decontamination of MSW processing products.
Highlights
As a result of anthropogenic destruction of natural biogeocenoses, a decrease in biodiversity occurs, leading to instability and degradation of both individual elements and the biosphere as a whole
The second problem is an increase in the volume of production and consumption waste, which, on the one hand, leads to the withdrawal from economic circulation of significant land areas for the creation of landfills for the storage of solid waste, on the other hand, due to the complexity of the disposal of certain types of waste, exacerbates the global crisis of decomposers, accompanied by the introduction of into the environment of a huge amount of xenobiotics, which threatens with catastrophic consequences on a planetary scale
The unfavorable ecological situation affects the state of the ecosystem of the regions as a whole, which negatively affects the health of the population
Summary
As a result of anthropogenic destruction of natural biogeocenoses, a decrease in biodiversity occurs, leading to instability and degradation of both individual elements and the biosphere as a whole. The first problem is anthropogenic land degradation in coal-mining regions, leading to soil erosion, destruction of biocenoses, emission of greenhouse gases, and climate change. In this regard, the need for systematic reclamation of disturbed lands is a priority global problem of all resource-producing and resource-processing states [4; 8t; 10; 12; 13; 14; 15]. The unfavorable ecological situation affects the state of the ecosystem of the regions as a whole, which negatively affects the health of the population In this regard, the development of predictive models of the state of disturbed lands: their reclamation and return to the national economic turnover are relevant. The purpose of this work: development of principles of rational nature management during land reclamation in the Kemerovo region, disturbed as a result of opencast mining of mineral deposits
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