Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) has been confirmed to benefit human health. Resveratrol supplemented in the feeds of animals improved pork, chicken, and duck meat qualities. In this study, we identified differentially expressed (DE) messenger RNAs (mRNAs) (n = 3,856) and microRNAs (miRNAs) (n = 93) for the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to investigate the co-expressed DE mRNAs and DE miRNAs in the primary bovine myoblasts after RSV treatment. The mRNA results indicated that RSV treatments had high correlations with turquoise module (0.91, P-value = 0.01) and blue module (0.93, P-value < 0.01), while only the turquoise module (0.96, P-value < 0.01) was highly correlated with the treatment status using miRNA data. After biological enrichment analysis, the 2,579 DE genes in the turquoise module were significantly enriched in the Gene Ontology (GO) terms and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. The top two GO terms were actin filament-based process (GO:0030029) and actin cytoskeleton organization (GO:0030036). The top two KEGG pathways were regulation of actin cytoskeleton (bta04810) and tight junction (bta04530). Then, we constructed the DE mRNA co-expression and DE miRNA co-expression networks in the turquoise module and the mRNA–miRNA targeting networks based on their co-expressions in the key module. In summary, the RSV-induced miRNAs participated in the co-expression networks that could affect mRNA expressions to regulate the primary myoblast differentiation. Our study provided a better understanding of the roles of RSV in inducing miRNA and of the characteristics of DE miRNAs in the key co-expressed module in regulation of mRNAs and revealed new candidate regulatory miRNAs and genes for the beef quality traits.
Highlights
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in grapes, nuts, and some blackberries
Our previous study focused on transcriptomic changes in bovine skeletal muscle cells after RSV treatment and was conducted to identify the differentially expressed (DE) genes and microRNAs [31, 32]; this study mainly focuses on the combined co-expressed transcriptomes, i.e., messenger RNA and miRNA studies for bovine muscle in response to treatment with RSV, which aims to investigate the roles of RSV in inducing miRNA for the better understanding, to identify the characteristics of DE miRNAs in the key co-expressed module in regulation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and to reveal new candidate regulatory miRNAs and genes underlying the beef quality traits
From our previous study [31, 32], a total of 3,856 DE mRNAs were identified from 18,329 mRNAs based on the threshold of adjusted P-value
Summary
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in grapes, nuts, and some blackberries. The antioxidant effects of RSV improved the heat-stressed and the transport-stressed meat quality of broilers [16, 17]. The same dose of RSV improved the meat quality by increasing the content of oxidative muscle fiber and decreasing the lipid accumulation in pigs [19]. Dietary RSV supplements of 300–450 mg/kg in Peking ducks improved meat quality through decreasing abdominal fat rate and shear force, as well-increasing the flavor amino acid and intramuscular fat deposition [20]. The beneficial effects of RSV have been concluded in several studies on bovine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development [21], inhibition of apoptosis and lipid peroxidation for the fertilization capacity of bovine sex-sorted semen [22], rumen fermentation, methane production, and prokaryotic community composition [23]. The effect of RSV on beef production and quality still needs further investigation
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