Abstract
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death, only second to heart disease. Molecular investigations about stroke are in acute shortage nowadays. This study is intended to explore a gene expression profile after brain ischemia reperfusion. Meta-analysis, differential expression analysis, and integrated analysis were employed on an eight microarray series. We explored the functions and pathways of target genes in gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and constructed a protein-protein interaction network. Meta-analysis identified 360 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for Mus musculus and 255 for Rattus norvegicus. Differential expression analysis identified 44 DEGs for Mus musculus and 21 for Rattus norvegicus. Timp1 and Lcn2 were overexpressed in both species. The cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and chemokine signaling pathway were highly enriched for the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway. We have exhibited a global view of the potential molecular differences between middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) animal model and sham for Mus musculus or Rattus norvegicus, including the biological process and enriched pathways in DEGs. This research helps contribute to a clearer understanding of the inflammation process and accurate identification of ischemic infarction stages, which might be transformed into a therapeutic approach.
Highlights
IntroductionReduced brain blood flow leads to the loss of the oxygen, glucose, and ATP in cerebral tissue and the depolarization of neurons [1]
Stroke is the second most common cause of death after heart disease
The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified by at least four methods were selected for further studies. 360 genes (A1: Mus musculus DEGs set) were regarded as significantly differentially expressed for four methods while 255 genes (A2: Rattus norvegicus DEGs set) in Rattus norvegicus fell under the threshold of p-value
Summary
Reduced brain blood flow leads to the loss of the oxygen, glucose, and ATP in cerebral tissue and the depolarization of neurons [1]. Reperfusion produces the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leads to additional cerebral injuries, after inflammatory changes and neurotic and apoptotic cell death pathways [2]. High throughput technologies can detect the unusual genomic changes among the mass gene expression profiling with microarray. Meta-analyses have been employed to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) statistically with an assessment of heterogeneity [5]. In order to overcome the limitations aboveInat.nJ.dMgole. Sncei.r2a0t1e6, c17o,n77v6incing results, a careful meta-analysis must combine gene expression odf a15tasets from dmifufelrtiepnlteiaslloyuerxcperse[s6se,7d].genes (DEGs) statistically with an assessment of heterogeneity [5]. GEO, gene expression omnibus; GSE, gene expression series; MCAO, middle cerebral artery occlusion; No, number; NA, not available
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