Abstract
Resumo Este trabalho discute a importância e o estado atual da integração de políticas ambientais das áreas de mudança do clima e da biodiversidade no Brasil. Ele apresenta e avalia criticamente o pressuposto teórico de que diferenças em termos de culturas burocráticas resultarão em dificuldades de integração de políticas. Com base no arcabouço teórico da teoria cultural (grid-group), argumenta-se que a tendência igualitária desenvolvida na implementação de políticas de biodiversidade diverge e potencialmente prejudica a integração dessa área com a de mudanças climáticas, cuja tendência cultural predominante observada foi hierárquica. Por fim, o papel das lideranças políticas em superar barreiras institucionais representadas por culturas burocráticas é também apresentado como um fator importante, relativizando e qualificando as previsões da teoria cultural.
Highlights
Policy integration has increasingly been recognised as a critical issue in public policy administration
The analysis revealed the predominance of a hierarchical administrative logic in the climate change regime, while the biodiversity regime was found to be mainly egalitarian
A second contribution of this research to theoretical debates on environmental policy integration refers to the role of ‘political técnicos’, who “combine characteristics and preferences of both politicians and técnicos” (Schneider, 1991:8), as potential sources of policy integration even in situations characterised by different administrative cultures among bureaucracies (Schneider, 1991:8)
Summary
Policy integration has increasingly been recognised as a critical issue in public policy administration. The principle is defined as an ‘early coordination between a sector and environmental objectives, in order to find synergies between the two or to set priorities for the environment, where necessary’ (Hey, 2002:127).. The principle is defined as an ‘early coordination between a sector and environmental objectives, in order to find synergies between the two or to set priorities for the environment, where necessary’ (Hey, 2002:127).2 This principle has gained popularity and been widely used in the mainstreaming of environmental concerns in other policy areas such as agriculture, energy or transportation (Jordan and Lenschow, 2008, 2010; Urwin and Jordan, 2008; Lafferty and Hovden, 2003; Söderberg, 2011), it has seldom been used to refer to the integration between different environmental policies. This article aims at filling this gap by assessing EPI among two environmental areas in Brazil: climate change and biodiversity
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