Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

Danylo R Costa-Silva,Umbelina S Borges,Francisco A Alves-Ribeiro,Vladimir C Silva,Cléciton B Tavares,Maria Da Conceição Barros-Oliveira,Benedito B Da Silva,Rafael S Borges

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201620160169

Abstract

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. IGF-1 is a key regulator of proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. It has important mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities in normal cells and in breast cancer cells, acting synergistically with estrogen to increase neoplastic cell proliferation. This review aims to present the recent finds of IGF-1 gene polymorphism and its relationship with the risk of breast cancer through following the polymorphic dinucleotide repeat cytosine-adenine (CA) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by searching in the PubMed database publications focused studies published from 2010 to 2015 related to IGF-1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk. A growing number of studies support an association between IGF-1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk with conflicting results, nevertheless elucidation of the patterns of IGF-1 gene expression may permit characterization of women at high-risk for breast cancer, as well as the development of strategies for early diagnosis and efficient treatment against the disease.

Highlights

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide
Due to an increased risk of breast cancer caused by Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) polymorphism and elevated Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)-1 levels and the scarcity of studies on the subject, the aim of this review is to conduct a bibliographic research on IGF-1 gene polymorphism and its relationship with breast cancer risk
Studies published from 2010 to 2015 related to the Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 family and studies that explored the relationship between IGF-1 gene polymorphism and the risk for breast cancer, such as the study of polymorphic cytosine-adenine (CA) dinucleotide repeat sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) polymorphism were included

Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. It is the second most frequent neoplasm, excluding non-melanoma skin cancer. Breast cancer rates vary from 27 cases per 100,000 women in eastern Africa to 96 cases. It is a multifactorial disease and genetic factor is the main risk factor for the disease. It is well-known that breast cancer (BRCA) 1 and 2 gene mutations may increase the risk of developing hereditary breast and ovarian cancer over time (Mersch et al 2015). The participation of breast cancer genes has not been fully elucidated.

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