Abstract
Adequate effective peristalsis is essential for the successful radiologic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The possibility of using various pharmacologic agents to induce peristalsis, particularly in the stomach and duodenum, is not a new idea and may be traced back at least to 1914, when Pancoast (14) observed an hourglass constriction of the stomach and hypomotility of the small intestine in a patient several hours following the administration of morphine. A year later, he and Hopkins (15) reported on the effects of morphine and heroin on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. They studied both animals and human beings by means of fluoroscopy and roentgenograms, and concluded that these drugs caused hyperperistalsis and delayed emptying of the stomach. “The most surprising result of our observation,” they wrote, “has been the lack of any degree of uniformity in the effects produced in different individuals.” Most of the reports dealing with the pharmacoradiologic use of morphine hav...
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