Abstract
Germline development is sensitive to nutrient availability and environmental perturbation. HSF1, a key transcription factor driving the cellular heat shock response (HSR), is also involved in gametogenesis. However, the precise function of HSF1 and its regulation in germline development are poorly understood. Using the auxin-inducible degron system in C. elegans, we uncovered a role for HSF-1 in germline progenitor cell proliferation and early meiosis, and identified a compact yet important HSF-1 transcriptional program in germline development. Interestingly, heat stress only induces the canonical HSR in a subset of germ cells, but impairs HSF-1 binding at its developmental targets. Conversely, we found that insulin/IGF-1 signaling dictates the requirement for HSF-1 in germline development, and functions through repressing FOXO/DAF-16 in the soma to activate HSF-1 in germ cells. We propose that this cell-non-autonomous mechanism couples the nutrient sensing, insulin/IGF-1 signaling pathway to HSF-1 activation to support homeostasis and development of the germline.
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