Insuficiencia suprarrenal iatrogénica por la interacción entre ritonavir y fluticasona inhalada. Revisión de la literatura

Abstract

IntroductionHighly effective antiretroviral treatment has improved the life expectancy of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients, but has led to an increase in the comorbidities related to aging, such as the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). All this implies the need for a greater number of drugs and an increasing risk of drugs interactions with antiretroviral treatment, particularly protease inhibitors. MethodsWe report a case of iatrogenic adrenal insufficiency interaction secondary to ritonavir and inhaled fluticasone in an HIV-infected patient with COPD. A review was made of the cases reported in adults in the medical literature (Medline) up to December 2012. ResultsA total of 34cases were reported. The mean age was 48years. The mean dose of ritonavir was 187mg/day, while the fluticasone dose was 866μg/day. The average time of the interaction between ritonavir and fluticasone was 8months. In 85% of cases fluticasone was discontinued at the time of diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency/Cushing syndrome. Almost all (90%) patients had a complete resolution of the symptoms after changing the treatment. ConclusionHIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy with protease inhibitor boosted with ritonavir which requires the use of inhaled corticosteroids, beclomethasone would be the best treatment option.