Insufficient Post-operative Energy Intake Is Associated With Failure of Enhanced Recovery Programs After Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Shuang Liu,Meng Li,Sheng Zhang,Min He,Chengcheng Jin,Yujie Zhang,Jianping Gong,Chun Gao,Zike Li

doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.768067

Abstract

Background: Although enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been proven to be beneficial after laparoscopic colorectal surgery, some of the patients may fail to complete the ERAS program during hospitalization. This prospective study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with ERAS failure after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.Methods: This is a prospective study from a single tertiary referral hospital. Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics were collected. Post-operative activity time and 6-min walking distance (6MWD) were measured. Patients were divided into ERAS failure group and ERAS success according to decreased post-operative activity and 6MWD. Factors associated with ERAS failure were investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis.Results: A total of 91 patients with colorectal cancer were included. The incidence of ERAS failure is 28.6% among all patients. Patients in ERAS failure group experienced higher rate of post-operative ileus and prolonged hospital stay (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that older age (p = 0.006), body mass index ≥25.5 kg/m2 (p = 0.037), smoking (p = 0.002), operative time (p = 0.048), and post-operative energy intake <18.5 kcal/kg•d (p = 0.045) were independent risk factors of ERAS failure after laparoscopic colorectal surgery.Conclusions: Our findings indicated that a proportion of patients may fail the ERAS program after laparoscopic colorectal surgery. We for the first time showed that post-operative energy intake was an independent risk factor for ERAS failure. This may provide evidence for further investigation on precise measurement of nutritional status and selected high-risk patients for enhanced nutrition support.

Highlights

The principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), first proposed in 1997 by Kehlet and Wilmore [1] were wellestablished in perioperative management
Patients aged over 18 years who met the following inclusion criteria were recruited in this study: [1] patients underwent elective laparoscopic colorectal surgery; [2] histopathological confirmed diagnosis of colorectal cancer; [3] age < 70 years old; [4] patients had no history of diabetes mellitus or paralysis that may affect post-operative recovery; and [5] patients who were willing to cooperate in the enhanced recovery programs
We found that inadequate energy intake was an independent risk factor associated with ERAS failure

Summary

Introduction

The principles of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), first proposed in 1997 by Kehlet and Wilmore [1] were wellestablished in perioperative management. The reasons for failure to comply with elements in the ERAS program were investigated and reported from several studies These factors included demographic characteristics such as older age, male gender, and previous abdominal operation history, intraoperative factors such as more blood loss and longer operation time, and post-operative factors such as surgical complications and reoperation [11]. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been proven to be beneficial after laparoscopic colorectal surgery, some of the patients may fail to complete the ERAS program during hospitalization. This prospective study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with ERAS failure after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion